Around 1.8 million workers in Bangladesh could lose their jobs if the use of technology in industries surges by 50 per cent. The textile and ready-made garment industries might be the most affected. Other sectors – food processing, leather and leather goods, furniture, pharmaceuticals, plastics, and rubber – are also likely to be impacted, according to a study by the Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies (BIDS).
Meanwhile, industries are increasingly relying on technology to increase productivity.
BIDS research associate Farhin Islam said that one million jobs could be lost due to technological advancements in the garment sector alone. A total of 1.8 million workers may be displaced across multiple industries.
The research noted that industries using technology to help workers will see fewer job cuts, while those implementing technology to replace human labour will experience higher layoffs.
Farhin Islam stressed that bolstering workforce skills could sustain employment and boost production. She urged the government to take measures to develop labour skills.
Meanwhile, technology is reshaping Bangladesh’s export-oriented garment sector. Competition in the market has been increasing as exports soar. To keep up with the market, entrepreneurs are investing in advanced machinery. Tasks that previously required 10 to 20 workers a day can now be completed by a single worker using modern technology. Consequently, manufacturers are shifting from traditional methods to automation.
Entrepreneurs argue that modern machinery enhances their productivity, reduces costs, and moves the industry forward.
Md. Rakib, assistant manager at Digital Corporation, stated that an eight-head sublimation printing machine can print fabric within minutes. However, a worker would take a week to complete this task.
Similarly, automatic machines are replacing manual weaving in the textile industry. A human operator alone can manage ten automated machines at once.
Md. Nirab, marketing officer at the China-based company Lian Jing, explained the transformation in sweater production through the use of technology. Earlier, sweater knitting machines were operated manually, but now automation has taken over. While manual machines used to cost between Tk 1 lakh and Tk 1.5 lakh, automated machines range from Tk 10 lakh to Tk 15 lakh. However, a human labourer can now handle ten machines.
Translated & edited by Fariha Nowshin Chinika
