While many people protect their skin from ultraviolet (UV) rays, few realise the damage these rays can inflict on the eyes. Prolonged sun exposure without proper eye care can lead to serious, often overlooked conditions.
Potential risks of UV radiation
Two Indian doctors explained the risks associated with UV radiation.
Dr. Komal Sangoi, cornea, cataract, and refractive surgeon at Wockhardt Hospitals, India, explained that while sunscreen use is common, eye protection is often neglected. She warned that excessive UV exposure can lead to serious eye diseases beyond mere discomfort.
Dr. Vishram Sangit, chief ophthalmologist at Jupiter Hospital Thane, India, added that long-term exposure to UV-A and UV-B radiation accelerates eye ageing and contributes to disorders such as cataracts — clouding of the eye's natural lens that disrupts vision. UV rays can also damage the retina, causing macular degeneration, a permanent condition that affects central vision and daily activities like reading or driving.
Photokeratitis, described by Dr. Sangoi, as a "sunburn of the eye," results from prolonged UV exposure, leading to redness, pain, blurred vision, and temporary vision loss. She stressed that this painful condition is completely preventable.
How to protect eyes from Sun damage
Dr. Sangit emphasised that people who work outdoors — such as construction workers, farmers, and athletes — often experience early symptoms of UV-related eye conditions. He stressed that many could have been protected simply by using proper sunglasses.
He advised choosing sunglasses that block 100 percent of both UVA and UVB rays. High-quality UV-blocking glasses not only prevent dry eyes and irritation caused by heat and UV rays but also reduce long-term cumulative damage, maintain eye health, and improve visual clarity.
According to Dr. Sangit, adopting a simple habit of wearing UV-filtering sunglasses daily offers significant long-term benefits. He likened using UV-protective eyewear to applying sunscreen for the skin — both are essential for maintaining health over time.
Dr. Sangoi agreed, highlighting the importance of wearing sunglasses with full UV protection during everyday activities like driving, gardening, or walking. Pairing them with a wide-brimmed hat offers an extra layer of defence.
He emphasised that small, consistent precautions today can prevent serious vision issues later in life.
Courtesy: Hindustan Times
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